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Female Figurine, Anatolia, Syro-Hittite, 3000-2000 BC, terracotta sculpture. Anatolia has been inhabited by many peoples throughout history; Hattians, Hurrians, Hittites, Luwians, Phrygians, Lydians, Persians, Greeks, Assyrians, Mitanni, Scythians, Cimmerians, Urartians, Carians, Commagene, Cilicians, Arameans, Kaskians, Mushki, Palaic, Corduene, Armenians, Romans, Colchians, Iberians, Georgians, Kurds, Laz, Zazas, Hamshenis, Sephardi Jews, Crimean Tatars, Karachays, Roma people, Circassians, Azerbaijanis, Seljuk Turks, Ottoman Turks and today predominantly modern Turkish people. Each culture left behind unique artifacts, still being uncovered by archeologists. The Hittites established an empire at Hattusa in north central Anatolia around the 18th century BC. This empire reached its height during the mid-14th century BC under Suppiluliuma I, when it encompassed an area that included most of Asia Minor as well as parts of the northern Levant and Upper Mesopotamia. After 1180 BC, the empire came to an end during the Bronze Age collapse, splintering into several independent city-states. The states that are called Neo-Hittite, or Syro-Hittite, were Luwian, Aramaic and Phoenician speaking political entities of the Iron Age northern Syria and southern Anatolia and lasted until roughly 700 BC.
