La nazione britannica una storia / da George MWrong . edout. William, thougli (n-LSE e spietato, Avas ancora nessun lawlesstyrant. Egli era infatti una passione per ordine e la sua rivendicazione a".,,. , Essere il legittimo successore di Edward il con- Williams sys- io ho • ho tern. Icssor inglese ha fatto di lui il campione della tlie legge inglese e sistema di Norman. Manv di tlic ohl hiiulowners di Ita- Bupremacy, * ? ^ ^ ? Tt ^ ^ -, . lana perirono witJi Harold; gli avversari di William sopravvissuto incamerate le loro terre e la fre-successivamente rivolte aumentato le confische. A circa 20.000Normanni, alcune nobili per nascita, alcuni sollevato da th

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The British nation a history / by George MWrong . edout. William, thougli (n-uel and ruthless, Avas yet no lawlesstyrant. He had indeed a passion for order, and his claim to„., , . , be the lawful successor of Edward the Con- Williams sys- i i • i tern. English icssor made him the champion of tlie English law and Norman system. Manv of tlic ohl hiiulowners of Eng- Bupremacy, * ? ^ ^ ? ^ tt ^ -, . lana perished witJi Harold; opponents of William who survived forfeited their lands, and the fre-quent revolts increased the forfeitures. To about 20, 000Normans, some noble by birth, some raised from themenial posts of cooks or gamekeepers to be masters of theEnglish, William granted the greater part of the land.In law and custom it was the England of old, but allpolitical power was in the hands of a new and foreignterritorial aristocracy. So also was ecclesiastical power.Stigand, the English Archbishop of Canterbury, was re-placed by AVilliams Archbishop Lanfranc, and the changefrom English to Xorman barons and jirelates was so com-. ^. ^ 80 THE BRITISH NATION pletc tlnit not an English earl, and bnt one English bishop, was left at the close of the reign. Though in the old England the Church enjoyed spe-cial privileges, her jurisdiction was not sharply marked off^, „, . from that of the state. But Lanfranc had William permits , • i • , i • i • to the Church a been trained m the continental view that theseparate system Church should rule her own domain underEngland. ^^^r own laws, and this she now began to do in England. Bishops and clergy were nolonger responsible for their conduct to the courts beforewhich the kings other subjects appeared. Chargesagainst them and matters in which spiritual interestsplayed an important part, such as oaths, marriages, be-quests, perjury, and heresy, passed under the jurisdictionof new ecclesiastical courts, and the Churcii and the statehenceforth represent distinct systems, often at war. Will-iams bishops were usually good men. To

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• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1900
• bookidc3britishnatiowest00wron